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Chalybes
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
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Die Chalybes (ΧάλΟ
Ξ²Ξ΅Ο, ΧάλΟ
Ξ²ΞΏΞΉ), in deutschsprachigen Publikationen meist Chalyber, waren im Altertum ein fΓΌr seine Metallverarbeitung berΓΌhmter Volksstamm, dem durch griechische Γberlieferungen die Erfindung des hΓ€rtbaren Eisens zugeschrieben wird. Der Name kommt von βChalybsβ = gehΓ€rtetes Eisen, Stahl.
Sie siedelten im nordostanatolischen Gebirge und an der SΓΌdkΓΌste des Schwarzen Meeres. Ihr Siedlungsgebiet erstreckte sich westlich vom Halys, ΓΆstlich bis nach Pharnakeia und Trapezus, sΓΌdlich bis nach Armenien.
Xenophon lokalisiert in seiner Kyropaedia die Chalybier zwischen den Phasiern und den Skythen, Sagona hingegen sΓΌdlich von GΓΌmΓΌΕhane, am Fluss Kelkit,cite-ref-1[1] und leitet ihren Namen vom urartΓ€ischen Gott αΈͺaldi ab.cite-ref-2[2]
Contents
β’ Literatur
β’ Einzelnachweise
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
Literatur
β’ Giorgi Leon Kavtaradze: Probleme der historischen Geographie Anatoliens und Transkaukasiens im ersten Jahrtausend v. Chr. In: Orbis Terrarum 2 (1996) (Memento vom 14. Mai 2005 im Internet Archive) S. 191β216.
β’ Maya Vassileva: Greek Ideas of the North and the East: Mastering the Black Sea Area. In: Gocha R. Tsetskhladze (Hrsg.): The Greek colonisation of the Black Sea area. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-515-07302-7, S. 69β77, bes. S. 74f.
β’ ΠΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ ΠΡΠ½Π³ (David Marshall Lang): ΠΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠ½Ρ. Π₯ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ½Ρ, ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Π°. Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Ρ, 2006. S. 71β72
Einzelnachweise
cite-note-11. β Antonio Sagona/Claudia Sagona: Archaeology at the North-East Anatolian frontier, I. A historical geography and a field survey of the Bayburt province. Ancient Near Eastern Studies 14, Louvain Peeters 2004, S. 30.
cite-note-22. β Antonio Sagona/Claudia Sagona: Archaeology at the North-East Anatolian frontier, I. A historical geography and a field survey of the Bayburt province. Ancient Near Eastern Studies 14, Louvain Peeters 2004, S. 29.